High blood pressure and dizziness: causes, treatment and what to do

Dizziness – causes in women with normal, high and low blood pressure with photos.

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After headaches, one of the most common complaints in neurology is dizziness, the causes of which in women can be varied. In some cases, this symptom indicates very serious pathologies, so it is dangerous to ignore it.

Vertigo - symptoms

Dizziness, or vertigo, can occur suddenly without any provoking factors, or after sudden rises and lying down or sitting, sudden bending, physical activity, emotional outbursts, eating, and so on.

Patients who experience severe dizziness may describe their sensations in different ways, but in most cases the following symptoms are observed:

• the illusion of involuntary rotation of one’s own body in space;
• the illusion of circular motion of objects around;
• feeling of instability, loss of balance;
• a feeling that the floor is falling in and disappearing from under your feet;
• disorientation in space;
• darkening, “spots” before the eyes;
• premonition of loss of consciousness;
• feeling of heaviness, “fog in the head”;
• ringing, tinnitus;
• feeling of slight intoxication.

Additional symptoms

To protect themselves from hypertension, many people ask the question: when do symptoms of the disease begin to appear? This is individual for each person. Some people feel nausea and dizziness even at the slightest deviations in blood pressure from normal, while others may not feel them at all. There are times when a person simply faints on the street, and then it turns out that he has had a stroke. At the same time, the patient did not feel any noticeable symptoms.

With increased blood pressure and nausea, other symptoms appear that are characteristic of a disturbance in the functioning of the cardiovascular system. Nausea itself is unstable; it can worsen and weaken. Also, along with this, the person experiences discomfort in the mouth, esophagus and stomach. People tend to attribute the first such manifestations to food poisoning.

Symptoms:

• Headache, which is localized in the occipital region.
• Dizziness.
• Vomit.
• Pre-fainting state.
• The person experiences increased sweating, salivation, and a frequent urge to urinate.

When adrenaline is released, a person feels anxiety and fear for his life, and a panic state develops. There is a sudden loss of strength. Swelling of the face and hands gradually begins to appear.

If such symptoms appear, you should urgently seek help from specialists, as this can lead to a stroke or heart attack.

When blood pressure rises with nausea, pulse pressure also increases significantly. This means that adrenaline levels increase dramatically. If it is in excess, heparin is broken down. This significantly increases blood glucose levels. Adrenaline also affects skeletal muscles, so the level of lactic acid increases.

Attacks of dizziness are also called vertigo. In this case, there is always pain of vague localization. Feeling dizzy with sudden changes in the body - bending, turning. Therefore, it is recommended to take a semi-sitting position.

A hypertensive crisis is registered when the blood pressure is 200/110 mm Hg. Art. and above that. In this case, various symptoms appear due to a sharp spasm of the arterioles. Typically, nausea, dizziness, pain in the heart and increased heart rate (as a result of tachycardia), general weakness, tinnitus, pain localized in the eyes and head.

If the patient begins to vomit profusely, this is the first sign that irreversible changes in the brain are occurring – a stroke.

Dizziness - causes in women with normal blood pressure

The causes of vertigo are associated with a violation of the transmission of nerve impulses from the receptors of sensory systems responsible for spatial orientation (vestibular, visual, muscular), as well as a violation of the central processing of received information. This refers to the so-called true (vestibular, systemic) dizziness, which is not caused by a disruption in the supply of oxygen and glucose to the brain, and does not depend on blood pressure or psychogenic factors.

True dizziness causes in women may include the following:

• labyrinthitis (inflammation of the inner ear of infectious or autoimmune etiology);
• vestibular neuritis (damage to the vestibular section of the vestibulocochlear cranial nerve, responsible for transmitting information from the inner ear to the brain);
• vestibulopathy (a disorder of the functioning of the vestibular apparatus, congenital or acquired as a result of injuries, infections, and so on);
• vestibular paroxysmia (impairment of vestibular functions due to compression of the vestibulocochlear nerve by nearby arteries or tumors);
• benign positional paroxysmal vertigo (pathology of the inner ear, which is associated with the displacement of special structures in it - otoliths, or “hearing pebbles”);
• Meniere's disease (a pathology in which the amount of endolymph in the inner ear increases);
• central vestibular disorders (cerebellar stroke, multiple sclerosis, tumors of the posterior cranial fossa, thrombosis of the posterior cerebellar artery and other pathologies).
• fistula of the labyrinth (due to a violation of the integrity of the bony wall of the labyrinth or a rupture in the oval window).

When figuring out why you feel dizzy, experts pay attention to such an important symptom as nystagmus (fast involuntary oscillatory movements of the eyeballs). This symptom allows you to distinguish peripheral vestibular disorders from central ones. Thus, with damage to the peripheral parts of the vestibular system, gaze fixation leads to a decrease in nystagmus and dizziness.

First aid and treatment

In case of intense dizziness with darkening of the eyes and weakness throughout the body, it is necessary to provide sufficient fresh air or give oxygen to the patient.

First of all, it is necessary to eliminate the main cause of the development of the pathological condition. If the attack is caused by the development of a hypertensive crisis, then the patient should be given medications that quickly lower blood pressure. It is important to monitor blood pressure levels after taking the drug to avoid hypotension.

If dizziness due to blood pressure occurs frequently, you should consult a general practitioner for help!

To reduce blood pressure on an emergency basis, ACE inhibitors (lisinopril or captopril) and loop diuretics (furosemide) are widely used. If dizziness is associated with pathology of the vestibular apparatus, use the drug vestibo.

Effective for central and intermediate vertigo is the drug betaserc or betagestin hydrochloride, which stimulates histamine H1 receptors and blocks H3, thereby eliminating all unpleasant symptoms.

Important! A sharp decrease in blood pressure has a very bad effect on the functioning of the entire body. The use of strong drugs is justified only in cases of hypertensive crisis (BP> 160 mmHg). It is better to lower blood pressure gradually by taking medications prescribed by your doctor.

Dizziness in the morning - causes in women

Some women note that they constantly feel dizzy after waking up in the morning, both when lying down and when getting out of bed. In many cases, this is due to osteochondrosis of the cervical spine. With this disease, there is progressive damage to the intervertebral discs in the cervical region, leading to changes in the vertebrae themselves, spinal joints, and muscle spasms.

Often the result of the described processes is compression of blood vessels and nerves, which leads to oxygen starvation of the brain. This becomes especially pronounced after sleeping in an uncomfortable position, on a low-quality pillow.

In addition, if you feel dizzy in the morning after sleep, the reasons may be the following:

• Meniere's disease;
• positional benign vertigo;
• hypoglycemia;
• diseases of the vestibular apparatus and damage to the inner ear.

Why do you feel dizzy?

Many people suffering from arterial hypertension wonder at what pressure they feel dizzy, feel nauseous, vomit or feel weak.

A certain number of people, due to their physiological characteristics, do not notice high blood pressure. Others note minimal changes in their condition when their blood pressure fluctuates.

If hypertension has formed and is observed for a long time, then sensitivity to blood pressure in the vessels increases significantly.

You should not refuse drug treatment after the appearance of unpleasant phenomena, since the body adapts to new blood pressure levels. In this case, it is often observed:

• nausea,
• weakness,
• vomit,
• dizziness,
• headache.

It is enough to endure the discomfort for about two weeks, after which your health will improve.

High blood pressure is a provoking factor for strokes of varying severity. A vessel that is affected by a pathological process can easily burst, after which there will be an outpouring of blood into the brain tissue, completely blocking its normal functioning.

Also, high blood pressure can, on the contrary, lead to blockage of blood vessels, which results in ischemic damage to the brain.

Hemorrhagic and ischemic strokes have the following characteristic symptoms:

1. severe general weakness,
2. slow speech,
3. deviation of the tongue in different directions when it is protruded,
4. my head is spinning
5. nausea and vomiting,
6. long-term headaches.

Dizziness when walking - causes in women

A condition where you feel dizzy and unsteady when walking, which is not caused by a sudden rise after a long period of rest, drinking alcohol or riding on attractions, is probably a symptom of one of the following pathologies:

• problems in the vestibular apparatus (Meniere's disease, vestibular neuronitis, labyrinthitis and others), when impulses from the nerves are processed with malfunctions and inhibitions;
• damage to the structures of the central nervous system (Parkinson's disease, polyneuropathy, epilepsy, hydrocephalus, cerebellar lesions), which causes muscle disorders and changes in mental state.

Preventing nausea and dizziness

It is necessary to exclude alcohol in any form. It is capable of not only dilating blood vessels, but also constricting them. Sleep should be at least seven hours. Adequate rest is needed to restore the body's strength. Use only medicine prescribed by your doctor. Only a doctor can prescribe a prescription. Self-diagnosis, without obtaining laboratory confirmation, is excluded. Do not stop taking the prescribed medications when improvement occurs. It is necessary to complete the course of treatment. Do not allow yourself to change the dosage of the drug. Do not conceal information about the medications you are taking.

Strict restriction on salt intake. With high salt content, water is retained in the body. Choose foods containing large amounts of potassium (dried apricots, green onions). Meals need to be done regularly. Especially when taking medications at the same time. Follow a diet to lose weight. Obesity can cause vascular fragility. Watch your stool and avoid causing constipation. Reduce tea and coffee consumption. Increase your consumption of clean drinking water. Minimize the amount of fried food. Replace with stewing, baking, steaming. To strengthen the walls of blood vessels, add multivitamins to your food. Avoid visiting bathhouses and saunas. In a short period of time, a sharp change in temperature occurs. The vessels do not have time to react.

Why does dizziness occur in a horizontal position?

An alarming manifestation that requires diagnosis is when you feel dizzy when you turn your head while lying down, or dizziness occurs after taking a horizontal position. It is impossible to unequivocally answer what causes dizziness in women in this case; they can be different.

We list the most common of them:

• traumatic injuries of the central nervous system;
• taking certain medications;
• neoplasms in the brain;
• diabetes mellitus (due to changes in the condition of blood vessels);
• osteocondritis of the spine;
• lesions of the inner ear.

Causes of nausea

Nausea and vomiting are one of the most common complaints. These symptoms accompany many pathologies. Most patients associate the development of such clinical signs with digestive disorders, but this is not entirely true. The urge to vomit can occur as a result of many reasons:

1. Intoxication that occurs due to food poisoning, poor diet or drug overdose. The body's defenses stimulate the gastrointestinal tract to get rid of harmful substances as quickly as possible. This leads to vomiting and diarrhea. A similar condition with a similar development mechanism also occurs during pregnancy, and such a reaction of the body is the norm.
2. An increase in intracranial pressure develops with an increase in the volume of circulating blood caused by arterial hypertension, as well as against the background of difficulty in the normal outflow of cerebrospinal fluid. These mechanisms first cause migraines and dizziness, and later provoke the activation of the body’s defenses, which get rid of excess water.
3. A cerebral circulatory disorder affecting the vomiting center. This condition is the result of vascular spasm, ischemic tissue changes or traumatic injuries.

The occurrence of nausea in hypertensive patients is a symptom of serious disorders in the functioning of the body. Disease crises are often accompanied by similar clinical signs and require hospitalization of the patient to stabilize the condition and prevent the development of dangerous complications.

Dizziness with low blood pressure

When women feel dizzy, the causes may be associated with low blood pressure, when there is weakening of the heart muscle and decreased vascular tone. As a result, blood circulation and the delivery of nutrients and oxygen to brain cells deteriorate, the functions of which begin to be disrupted. The worsening of symptoms is provoked by stress, lack of sleep, and changes in weather conditions.

Dizziness and hormones

Often, dizziness and nausea in women are caused by hormonal imbalances and changes, which can be both pathological and physiological. The appearance of this symptom can provoke changes in the level of such basic hormones, on which the functioning of the body largely depends:

• cortisol;
• thyroid hormones;
• estrogen;
• progesterone;
• insulin.

Dizziness during menstruation

The feeling of pain and dizziness is familiar to many women during their periods or before them. In most cases, this is a vegetative reaction, since under the influence of hormones the vascular tone changes and lability of the nervous system is observed.

If the unpleasant symptoms are not severe, there is no need to worry. In cases where they cause significant discomfort and are accompanied by other phenomena (vomiting, severe abdominal pain), this may indicate pathologies of the reproductive system (for example, abnormal location of the uterus, dysmenorrhea).

Dizziness during menopause

During the menopause, when the body adjusts to stop the generative function of the ovaries, involution of the reproductive system occurs; some women note that they often feel dizzy and other symptoms appear: irritability, sweating, a feeling of lack of air, headache. A decrease in hormone production affects vascular tone and the stability of the central nervous system, which explains such symptoms. At the same time, we must not forget that dizziness in women can have other causes, so it is necessary to carry out a diagnosis.

What are the dangers of low blood pressure?

Low blood pressure is not as safe as many people think. If the readings are below 110 mm Hg. Art. do not lead to a worsening of the condition, appear constantly and do not affect everyday life, then this condition is considered normal for this person. 7% of people live with low blood pressure while feeling normal. This most often affects young people, teenagers, and girls during puberty.

With hypotension, a person feels weak, nausea indicates that the body requires treatment. If a person is dizzy or feels discomfort, the doctor should order an examination and prescribe blood pressure pills.

Low blood pressure in a person contributes to the fact that when moving from a horizontal to a vertical position, a state of orthostatic collapse may occur.

With normal blood pressure, a person calmly gets out of bed; it only takes a few seconds for the body to adapt. At low pressure, a sharp rise may be accompanied by oxygen starvation of the brain. At the same time, the person notes that he feels dizzy and feels nauseous. In some cases, the person loses consciousness. He definitely needs treatment.